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Shaykh Abdul-Qadir al-Jeelaanee (d. 561H): Allaah is the Reckoner of Every Ash'ari Innovator, Strayer, Leading others Astray Who Claims Allaah's Speech is Meaning Only and Not Letter and Voice Posted by Abu.Iyaad on Wednesday, November, 25 2009 and filed under Articles Key topics: Abdul-Qadir Al-Jeelaanee Kalaam Nafsee Qur'an Abdul-Qadir Al-Jilani
Bayaan Talbees al-Jahmiyyah al-Ash'ariyyah In previous articles we explained how the Jahmite Ash'aris believe in secret that the Qur'an we recite and memorize is just an "ibaarah (expression)" of the second Qur'an they believe in (which is just a meaning present with Allaah's Self), and that this ibaarah is created (but they forbid that this should be said openly) as is explicitly stated in al-Bayjuri's Haashiyah upon al-Jawharah (one of their standard and most famous textbooks). Then there was the saying of Fakhr ud-Din ar-Razi (d. 606H) that the As'haris and Mu'tazilah are actually agreed that the Qur'an we have is created, but they just differ on issues of wording and terminology (see here). Then there is the saying of the contemporary Ash'ari, Muhammad Sa'eed Ramadan al-Buti - and we brought his saying establishing the same (see this article). And likewise the saying of al-Juwaynee (d. 478H) confirming they are in agreement with the Mu'tazilah regarding the Qur'an being created (in this article), and then another article on another section in al-Bayjuri's Haashiyah confirming that the Qur'an that is recited (maqroo') is created (see this article). All of this is based upon their doctrine of Kalaam Nafsee that they stole and plagiarized from the Kullaabiyyah and whose beginnings lay in the schemes and plots of the Jahmiyyah Lafdhiyyah in their saying that this Qur'an we have is only a "hikaayah" - see Ahmad bin Sinaan al-Waasitee (d. 258H), the Shaykh of al-Bukhaaree and Muslim speak about those zindeeqs in this article here, and see Ibn Battah (d. 387H) discuss the roots and origins of the Kullaabiyyah Ash'ariyyah in the doctrines of the conniving Jahmiyyah Lafdhiyyah in this article here. We also brought a quote from the Mufassir, Ibn Jareer at-Tabari (d. 310) in which he cleaned out the rat-holes and secret hideouts of the Jahmites in a single sweep, cursing them, reviling them and making takfeer of them on account of their claiming the Qur'an (that we read, recite, memorize and hear) is created - may Allaah have mercy upon him. And all of the above, sent them fleeing on their heels, full of awe and terror, with their intellectual frauds and innermost secrets brought out into the open and pounded with fire and brimstones - with not a whisper or whimper in response. In addition to that we brought the takfeer made by Shaykh Abdul-Qadir al-Jilaanee (d. 561H) of those who say that the Qur'an we have with us is merely a created "ibaarah" (expression). In fact he spoke with very severe words, which you can read in full in this article here (and you must take caution because there are lots of fireworks going off in every direction in that article!). And in addition to that, we brought the saying of Shaykh Abdul-Qadir also that the Ash'arites who claim the Qur'an is an ibaarah (expression) or that their pronunciation of the Qur'an is created (as is taught in their standard textbooks), then Allaah has threatened them with the Fire, just as He threatened al-Waleed bin al-Mugheerah al-Makhzoomee - see this article here. We want to now bring some more speech from Shaykh Abdul-Qadir al-Jeelaanee on the subject and it is something he says within the same section we quoted from previously in the book "al-Ghunyah". Shaykh Abdul-Qadir: Allaah is the Reckoner of Every Ash'arite Mubtadi' (Innovator), Daall (Strayer), Mudill (Leading Others Astray), Who Claims Allaah's Speech is Meaning Only He says in "al-Ghunyah Li Taalibee Tareeq il-Haqq" (Daar ul-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, Beirut, 1997, 1/130-131):
This translates:
(Chapter): And We Believe that the Qur'an is letters understood and voices heard. After bringing these evidences he then says:
Which translates:
And these verses and narrations prove that the Speech (Kalaam) of Allaah is with a voice, not like the voices of men, just like His knowledge, power, and remaining attributes do not resemble the attributes of men, then likewise His voice. And Imaam Ahmad (rahimahullaa) has textually stated the affirmation of voice (sawt) in the narration of a group from his companions, may Allaah be pleased with them all, in opposition to what the Ash'arites said, that the Speech (Kalaam) of Allaah is just the meaning established with His Self, and Allaah is the reckoner of every Innovator (mubtadi'), misguided (daall), misguiding others mudill). For Allaah, the Sublime, has never ceased to be mutakallim (one who speaks), and His Speech (Kalaam) comprises all of the meanings of command (amr), prohibition (nahy) and al-istikhbaar (inquiry). What has been explained here is the view of the entirety of the Salaf and it is what all the Imaams are upon, including Imaam Ahmad and Imaam al-Bukhaaree, that Allaah speaks when and as He wills, with letter and voice. As for their doubt that a voice requires lips, mouth, throat, larynx and so on - then that doubt which originated with the Jahmiyyah (as explained and refuted by Imaam Ahmad in "ar-Radd alal-Jahmiyyah") - and which was followed by the Ash'arites when they appeared on the scene a couple of hundred years after, then that has been responded to in this article (refer to point no. 5). And in any case, upon that line of reasoning, the Ash'arites would have to reject, hearing and seeing, for there is nothing in the creation described with these two attributes except that it requires organs for these faculties to exist. As for the issue of whether the letters (huroof) are created or not, then the viewpoint of Ahl us-Sunnah is that clarified by Imaam Ahmad which is that we do not say they are created absolutely and nor uncreated absolutely. For when Allaah speaks (with letter and voice) then they are not created, and when mankind speaks, then what they speak is created. And this is because Allaah from His eternal knowledge, knows all of the languages of mankind, and as He is one who speaks with whatever He wills, whenever He wills, however He wills, then He is able to speak to them with His revelations in the language that they know and understand, thus the Torah was revealed in Hebrew, and Allaah spoke to Moses direct in the language that Moses knew, and likewise with the Injeel (Aramaic) and likewise with the Qur'an (Arabic) and in all of that Allaah's speech is uncreated, and all of this is from Allaah's complete perfection and His perfect knowledge, and likewise Allaah will speak on the Day of Judgement to each person when He holds them to account, without there being any translator between them. So, we do not say either saying absolutely - and this can be covered in more detail in a separate article. As for the saying of the Jahmiyyah, Kullaabiyyah Ash'ariyyah that letters imply succession and so on, all of that is based upon their creed of negating "hawaadith" from Allaah, which is in turn based upon their intellectual proof of "hudooth ul-ajsaam" in which they simply borrowed the language and terminology of the atheist Philosophers themselves. Ibn Suraij as-Shafi'ee (d. 306H) said, as narrated from him by Abu Ismaa'eel al-Harawi in "Dhamm ul-Kalaam" and as mentioned by Ibn Taymiyyah in "Bayaan Talbees al-Jahmiyyah":
توحيد اهل العلم وجماعة المسلمين أشهد أن لا اله الا الله وان محمدا رسول الله وتوحيد اهل الباطل الخوض في الأعراض والأجسام وانما بعث النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم بانكار ذلك
The Tawheed of the people of knowledge and the jamaa'ah of the Muslims is "I testify none is worthy of worship except Allaah (alone) and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allaah". And the Tawheed of the people of falsehood is disputing about al-a'raad (incidental attributes) and al-ajsaam (bodies) and the Prophet (sallallaahu alayhi wasallam) was sent with the rejection of that. And this is what their entire deen is based upon. So when they bring these rational, intellectual objections, you should know the their true and real origins. These people do not treat the revealed texts (i.e. Allaah's speech) to be decisive and definitive. They consider their intellectual proof of demonstrating the universe is created (hudooth ul-ajsaam) to be the ultimate truth around which all truth, and revealed texts, revolve, and upon which they are evaluated. And the deen of the Ash'arites in particularly, stolen and plagiarized from the deen of the Kullaabiyyah is to reject that Allaah has actions tied to His will and power - and this is the basis of their rejection of the attributes that they reject. The earlier Kullaabi ones amongst them nevertheless affirmed Allaah's uluww (with His Essence) and also affirmed the attributes of Face, Hands, Eyes, as sifaat dhaatiyyah without ta'weel, tahreef, or tafweed, and in these issues they had refutations against the Jahmiyyah and Mu'tazilah (following the Kullaabiyyah) in that. As for the later Ash'arites they simply reverted back to the doctrines of the Jahmites and Mu'tazilah in these and numerous other issues.
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